For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven:
A time to be born, and
a time to die;
A time to plant, and a time to pluck up what is planted;
A time to kill, and a time to heal;
A time to break down and a time to build up;
A time to weep, and a time to laugh;
A time to mourn, and a time to dance;
……….
A time to seek, and a time to lose;
A time to keep, and a time to throw away;
A time to keep silence, and a time to speak;
( Ecclesiastes 1:1-7) |
The Hebrew words that designate "now" (paam)
or "moment"( rega) are derived from a concept that is related
with such actions as "attacking" or "befalling". This
kind of time concept corresponds to a Greek word "kairos" which
stems from a verve "keiro" that means to "cut". Kairos
refers to such a significant and decisive time of encounter, death, and
serious social change, etc. There is another word " chronos"
which designates a more or less clock-wise time that continues, as shown
in such words as "chronic" or " chronicles".
A Japanese Kanji 時 (toki) corresponds to chronos. The left side of the
kanji means " a day", and the right side means " a temple".
In Japan, through many ages, people counted hours each day by ringing
a temple bell. Thus 時 designates a rather homogeneous, a continuing clock-wise
time. In order to designate a kairos like time, we used another kanji
秋, (aki) which originally means " autumn, fall". The season
autumn is a decisive time for farmers. Therefore they used this kanji
to designate a serious and decisive season and pronounced it as "
toki", namely "time".
Now that twenty six years of time (chronos) have passed for me at this
university, I feel that I have encountered many Kairoi (plural form of
kairos).
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