P.1

Professor Toshikazu Takao
The Retiring Lecture at Hosei University
( January 12th, 2001)



CONTENTS



For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven:

A time to be born, and a time to die;
A time to plant, and a time to pluck up what is planted;
A time to kill, and a time to heal;
A time to break down and a time to build up;
A time to weep, and a time to laugh;
A time to mourn, and a time to dance;
……….
A time to seek, and a time to lose;
A time to keep, and a time to throw away;
A time to keep silence, and a time to speak;
( Ecclesiastes 1:1-7)


Reflections on Time

The Hebrew words that designate "now" (paam) or "moment"( rega) are derived from a concept that is related with such actions as "attacking" or "befalling". This kind of time concept corresponds to a Greek word "kairos" which stems from a verve "keiro" that means to "cut". Kairos refers to such a significant and decisive time of encounter, death, and serious social change, etc. There is another word " chronos" which designates a more or less clock-wise time that continues, as shown in such words as "chronic" or " chronicles".
A Japanese Kanji 時 (toki) corresponds to chronos. The left side of the kanji means " a day", and the right side means " a temple". In Japan, through many ages, people counted hours each day by ringing a temple bell. Thus 時 designates a rather homogeneous, a continuing clock-wise time. In order to designate a kairos like time, we used another kanji 秋, (aki) which originally means " autumn, fall". The season autumn is a decisive time for farmers. Therefore they used this kanji to designate a serious and decisive season and pronounced it as " toki", namely "time".
Now that twenty six years of time (chronos) have passed for me at this university, I feel that I have encountered many Kairoi (plural form of kairos).





NEXT →



HOME      CONTENTS